Turkic-Mongolian parallels
among terms of consanguinity and connection in Mongolian languages

This paper deals with obvious Turkic correspondences in terms of consanguinity and kinship
by marriage in the Mongolian languages – Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat, Kalmyk and ancient written
Mongolian and also in some of their dialects. The presence of Turkic lexical parallels in these
Mongolian languages is due to Turkic and Mongolian ethnic groups having been contacting and
interacting in the Central Asia for many millennia. Their parent languages refer to the number
of so-called Altaic languages to which scientists also rank Tungus-Manchu and Korean languages,
with the question of attributing to them the Japanese language still being debated. This
hypothesis of relationships of the Altaic languages has been discussed in the world of science
for more than three hundred years, but it has not been solved yet. There are different opinions
about the development of the Altaic family of languages also there are controversial points
of view on the nature of the Altai linguistic community. One group of scientists unquestioningly
considers all correspondences between the Altaic languages in grammar and vocabulary to be
a heritage of the common Altaic parent language. The other group of scientists without denying
the relationship of the Altaic languages are trying to explain the presence of such a large amount
of General grammar, especially lexical parallels, in particular between the Turkic and Mongolian
languages, through the ancient contacts as far back as at the level of the Turkic and Mongolian
parent languages. Of great importance here is the identification of lexical borrowings, the
Genesis of which is clearly seen and raises no doubt. It is necessary to identify the words obviously
of Turkic origin in Mongolian languages as well as the words clearly of the Mongolian origin
in the Turkic languages. Their presence indicates the undoubted contacts of ethnic groups. Our
task in this particular case is to determine the relationships and features of Mongolian words obviously
of Turkic origin in the vocabulary, the genesis of which is confirmed by Turkologists.
Here we see, for example, such Mongolian lexemes as names of the father and mother, the grandfather
and the great-grandfather, grandsons and granddaughters on the father's side, grandsons and
granddaughters on the mother’s side, nephews and nieces on the father’s and mother’s sides,
cousins (brothers and sisters), brothers-in-law and matchmakers and a number of other close relatives
and relatives by marriage. It shows only close and deep relationships of the Turkic and
Mongolian ethnic groups existing from ancient times, including the marriage that was reflected
in the Mongolian languages and their vocabulary.