The paper investigates A. P. Chekhov’s artistic-vocal system, reveals the specificity of individual world-view, realized in the writer’s language. The lexico-semantic system of the language is investigated using field methods. Study is made of the contents, composition, and structural organization, showing, how one or the other of these categories and concepts are explicated in the language picture of the writer’s world. In the language picture of A. P. Chekhov’s world the lexeme spring is of crucial significance: it is distinguished by semantic ambiguity and connection with the main categories of the writer’s perception of the world. In its ramified semantic structure
the central lexeme has a unique semantic content, the meanings of which are grouped around the leading author’s leading association «spring – life, the fullness of life». Despite the internal ambivalence, the nuclear lexeme spring, possesses a pronounced positive potential. It displays the connection with the main categories of the writer’s world-view: beauty, love, work.