The paper considers the linguoculturological aspect of translating the phraseology of the prose by Ch. Tsydendambaev. An attempt is made to reveal the interconnection of the cultural and linguistic picture of the world. Translation as a method of cross-cultural analysis of phraseological units is analyzed from the point of view of the influence of linguistic and extrainguistic factors on the process of transforming the meanings of a literary text, and from the point of view of the ways of rendering them. With due regard for the structural and semantic aspects, the interlingual relations are represented as the classification of correspondences according to two types: constant and variant, which are mainly applicable to lexical and phraseological correspondences. The author of the paper describes how occasional correspondences are used in the translations of non-equivalent vocabulary. She reveals a set of problems that arise in the descriptions of phraseological correspondences. Analyses are made of the peculiarities of semantics of phraseological units that are relevant to their interpretation, the types of matching that can be used by the interpreter and the criteria of selecting one of them depending on the nature of the unit to be translated.