in Russian and English languages
The consideration is given to the propositional-frame structure of food intake situation as the
cognitive basis of phraseme formation in Russian and English languages. Figurative words and
expressions metaphorically motivated by the verbs est’, zhrat’, kusat’, gryzt’, zhevat’ and glotat’
in Russian and eat, bite, chew and swallow in English are analyzed. Their speech usage in Russian
and English literary and journalistic texts is studied. Phraseological units reflecting food intake
metaphors are systematized in terms of the semantics of the source image captured in the inner
form of the idiom and are structured into motivational-figurative paradigms of phraseological
representations of this source image. The study describes the methodology of identifying the bases of metaphorical projections underlying the phraseme formation. This methodology involves
three stages: 1. Analysis of semantics, inner form, and discourse functioning of phraseological
units; 2. Presentation of typical figurative representations common to certain linguistic culture;
3. Identification of metaphorical mappings basis demonstrating the abstractive propositional
scheme. The analysis resulted in the description of 11 universal typical figurative representations
attributed to Russian and English (British and American) linguistic cultures. The following con-
ceptual grounds were revealed: a) placement or concealment of an object within a confined space;
b) loss, disappearance of an object; c) filling of space; d) deformation, complete destruction of an
object as a result of breakdown; e) receiving, purchasing an object to meet the need for some-
thing. The food intake images presented in the semantics of phraseological units are used in two
languages under analysis for characterizing interpersonal relations, the influence of negative emotions on the human psyche, speech impact, competitive situations, gaining financial and material
benefits, intensive labor activity.
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