from Kantemir to Lermontov
The paper presents the analysis of the constructions with absolute (independent) isolated
phrases extracted from the poetic texts of Russian poets of the Baroque, Classicism, Sentimentalism, and Romanticism. The use of an independent dangling participle was supported by
the old Slavic tradition of the independent dative case and, already in the old Russian era, an
independent dangling participle was often replaced by the construction with a frozen active
participial inseparable nominative (adverbial participle), leading to more active absolute functioning of independent dangling participles. On the one hand, the history of independent isolations in Russian poetic speech from Kantemir to Lermontov demonstrates the scope of the
language experiment on the “introduction” of syntactic Gallicisms of various types into
the Russian speech – participial, adjective, substantive (in the form of applications and segments), pronominal ones. On the other hand, it shows a narrow timeframe of this entry
of “agrammatic” (i.e., breaking the linear chain of traditional subordinating synthetic connections) elements into the language, as well as strong resistance to using non-Russian constructions. Experiments with absolute isolation are vivid evidence of the increasing tendency towards analytism in the evolution of the Russian literary language of the New Time and, at the
same time, strong and victorious resistance to these tendencies on the part of a grammatical
system protecting its traditional synthetic bases from the alien influence.
Bulakhovsky L. А. Russkiy literaturnyy yazyk pervoy poloviny 19 veka: fonetika,
morfologiya, udarenie, sintaksis [Russian literary language of the first half of the 19th
century: phonetics, morphology, stress, syntax]. Moscow, Uchpedgiz, 1954, 468 p.
Buslaev F. I. Istoricheskaya grammatika russkogo yazyka. [Historical grammar of
the Russian language]. Moscow, Uchpedgiz, 1959, 623 p.
Istoricheskaya grammatika russkogo yazyka: Sintaksis: Prostoe predlozhenie [Historical Russian grammar: Syntax: a simple sentence]. V. I. Borkovsky (Ed.). Moscow,
Nauka, 1978, 446 p.
Hüttl-Worth G. O zapadnoevropeyskikh elementakh v russkom literaturnom yazyke
18 v. [On the Western European elements in the Russian literary language of the 18th
century]. In: Voprosy istoricheskoy leksikologii i leksikografii vostochno-slavyanskikh
yazykov: Sb. st. [Questions of historical lexicology and lexicography of East Slavic languages]. Moscow, 1974, pp. 144–153.
Kovtunova I. I. Izmeneniya v sisteme oslozhnennogo predlozheniya [Changes in the
system of complicated sentences]. In: Izmeneniya v sisteme prostogo i oslozhnennogo
predlozheniya v russkom literaturnom yazyke 19 veka: Ocherki po istoricheskoy grammatike russkogo literaturnogo yazyka 19 veka [Changes in the system of simple and
complicated sentences in the Russian literary language of the 19th century: Essays on
the historical grammar of the Russian literary language of the 19th century]. Moscow,
1964, pp. 369–482.
Listrova-Pravda Yu. T. Otbor i upotreblenie inoyazychnykh vkrapleniy v russkoy
literaturnoy rechi 19 veka [Selection and usage of foreign-language inclusions in Russian literary speech of the 19th century]. Voronezh, VSU Publ., 1986, 144 p.
Lotman Yu. M. Spory o yazyke v nachale 19 v. kak fakt russkoy kul’tury [The controversy about the language in the early 19th century as a fact of Russian culture]. Acta
et Commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis. 1975, iss. 358, pp. 203–204.
Meshchersky N. A. K voprosu o vzaimodeystvii yazykov na urovne sintaksisa [To
the question on the languages interaction on syntax level]. In: Voprosy grammaticheskogo stroya i slovoobrazovanie v russkikh narodnykh govorakh: Mezhvuz. nauch.
sb. [Problems of grammar and word-formation in Russian colloquialisms: Coll. of
interuniv. sci. art.]. Petrozavodsk, 1976, pp. 12–20.
Onipenko N. K., Bikkulova O. S. Problema deeprichastnoy normy i kategoriya
sub”ekta [The problem of participial norms and the category of the subject]. In: Tr. In-
ta russkogo yazyka im. V. V. Vinogradova. Vyp. 10: Materialy mezhdunar. nauch. konf.
“Grammaticheskie protsessy i sistemy v sinkhronii i diakhronii” [The Proceedings of
the Institute of the Russian Language named after V. V. В. Vinogradov. Iss. 10: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference “Grammatical Processes and Systems in Synchrony and Diahrony”]. Moscow, 2016, pp. 220–232.
Patroeva N. V. Ocherki po teorii i istorii russkogo sintaksisa [Essays on the theory
and history of Russian syntax]. Petrozavodsk, PetrSU Publ. House, 2016, pp. 16–22.
Pichkhadze A. A. Ob predikativnom vs. atributivnom upotreblenii prichastiy v drevnerusskom: neizmenyaemye prichastiya [About predicative vs. attributive use of
participles in Old Russian: unchangeable participles]. In: Tr. In-ta russkogo yazyka im.
V. V. Vinogradova. Vyp. 10: Materialy mezhdunar. nauch. konf. “Grammaticheskie
protsessy i sistemy v sinkhronii i diakhronii” [The Proceedings of the Institute of the
Russian Language named after V. V. В. Vinogradov. Iss. 10: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference “Grammatical Processes and Systems in Synchrony and
Diahrony”]. Moscow, 2016, pp. 499–515.
Prakticheskaya russkaya grammatika. Izdannaya Nikolaem Grechem [Practical Russian grammar. Published by Nicholas Grech]. St. Petersburg, V tipografii izdatelya,
1834, 526 p.
Potebnya A. Iz zapisok po russkoy grammatike [From the notes on Russian grammar]. 2nd ed., rev. and suppl. Kharkov, Izd. kn. magazina D. N. Poluekhtova, 1888.
Pripadchev A. A. Osobennosti upotrebleniya deeprichastiy v arkhaicheskikh konstruktsiyakh na materiale delovoy pis’mennosti 17 veka [Features of the use of verbal
participations in archaic constructions on the material of business writing of the 17th
century]. In: Materialy po russko-slavyanskomu yazykoznaniyu: Sb. st. [Materials on
Russian-Slavonic linguistics: Coll. art.]. Voronezh, VSU Publ., 1979, pp. 122–128.
Russkaya grammatika Aleksandra Vostokova, po nachertaniyu ego zhe sokrashchennoy Grammatiki polnee izlozhennaya [The Russian grammar of Alexander Vostokov,
according to the outline of his own abbreviated Grammar, more fully expounded].
St. Petersburg, Tip. I. Glazunova, 1831, 408 p.
“Rossiyskaya grammatika” A. A. Barsova [“Russian grammar” by A. A. Barsov].
Moscow, MSU Publ., 1981, 776 p.
Russkaya razgovornaya rech’ [Russian colloquial speech]. E. A. Zemsky (Ed.).
Moscow, Nauka, 1973, 485 p.
Shahmatov A. A. Sintaksis russkogo yazyka [The syntax of the Russian language].
Moscow, FLINTA, Nauka, 2014, 720 p.
Sobolevsky S. I. Drevnegrecheskiy yazyk [Ancient Greek language]. St. Petersburg,
2016a, 616 p.
Sobolevsky S. I. Grammatika latinskogo yazyka [Latin grammar]. St. Petersburg,
2016, 432 p.
Teoriya funktsional’noy grammatiki. Sub”ektnost’. Ob”ektnost’. Kommunikativnaya
perspektiva vyskazyvaniya. Opredelennost’/neopredelennost’ [Theory of functional
grammar. Subjectivity/objectivity. Communicative perspective of the statement. Certainty/uncertainty]. A. V. Bondarko (Ed.). St. Petersburg, Nauka, 1992, 304 p.
Uspensky B. А. Iz istorii russkogo literaturnogo yazyka 18 – nachala 19 veka. Yazykovaya programma Karamzina i ee istoricheskie korni [From the history of the Russian
literary language of the 18th – beginning of the 19th century. Karamzin’s language program and its historical roots]. Moscow, MSU Publ. 1985, 215 p.
Vinogradov V. V. Yazyk Pushkina [The language of Pushkin]. Moscow, Leningrad,
Academia, 1935, 457 p.
Vinokur G. O. Russkiy literaturnyy yazyk v pervoy polovine 18 veka [Russian literary language in the first half of the 18th century]. In: Vinokur G. O. Izbrannye raboty
po russkomu yazyku [Selected works on the Russian language]. Moscow, 1959, 138–
161 pp.
Zaliznyak A. A. Drevnenovgorodskiy dialekt [Old Novgorod dialect]. 2nd. ed.,
Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 2004, 872 p.
Zhivov V. M. Istoriya yazyka russkoy pis’mennosti: V 2 t. [History of the Russian
language: in 2 vols]. Moscow, Russkiy fond sodeystviya obrazovaniyu i nauke, 2017,
vol. 1, 816 p.; vol. 2, 480 p.
Zhivov V. M. Yazyk i kul’tura v Rossii 18 veka [Language and Culture in Russia of
the 18th Century]. Moscow, LRC Publishing House, 1996, 590 p.
Večerka R. Altkirchenslavische (Altbulgarische) Syntax [Old Slavic (Old Bulgarian)
syntax]. F. Keller, E. Weiher (Comps). Freiburg i. Br. : U.W. Weiher, 1996, vol. 3,
pp. 184–186.
Worth D. S. The Dative Absolute in the Primary Chronicle: Some Observations.
Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 1994, vol. 18, no. 1/2, pp. 29–46.
from Kantemir to Lermontov // Сибирский филологический журнал. 2021. № 1. Pp. 308–320. DOI: 10.17223/18137083/74/23.