in comparison with other Turkic languages
We analyze the lexical-semantic correspondences of Altai and Khakas emotive verbs and
verbs denoting interpersonal relationships in other languages, primarily Kipchak ones. Altai
and Khakas lexis has different levels. All-Turkic lexemes are the most numerous ones among the
interlinguistic correlations. On the basis of all-Turkic lexis, new words were formed, and new
meanings were developed, either for all Southern Siberian languages in general or specifically for
Altai and Khakas. It is demonstrated that the emotive verbs uniting the Siberian Turkic languages
are mostly Mongolian loan words. Among the emotive verbs, the Altai-Tuvan correspondences
are the most common, and among these, most are Mongolisms. The Altai-Khakas correspondences
appear to be Turkic in origin, namely Siberian Turkic. Altai and Khakas are shown to be particularly
close, including the evolution of their verb semantics. Large numbers of words uniting
Altai, Khakas, and Kipchak languages show how Altai and Khakas have been influenced. According
to its phonetic and grammatical traits, Altai is a Kipchak language; however, it does not
contain many Kipchak interlinguistic correlations in contrast with Khakas. Some parallels with
Kyrgyz may also be observed. Siberian Turkic languages, which are mostly heterogeneous, tended
to contact with languages from various groups. Their common lexical traits reveal the existence
of an interaction between Turkic languages on contact territories, and the presence of common
historical factors influencing the evolution of these languages (particularly the Mongolian
influence).
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