of the Krasnoyarsk region
This paper analyzes the musical and song resettlement tradition of the Krasnoyarsk Udmurts
and compares it with the indigenous tradition of the Udmurts living in the Igrinsky and
Alnashsky districts of the Udmurt Republic. The resettlement of the Udmurts to Siberia proceeded in two ways: voluntarily – during the Stolypin agrarian reform (1910–1912) and forcibly – during dekulakization (the 1930s). Krasnoyarsk Krai thus became a second homeland to
most settlers. Three expeditions were conducted to the Krasnoyarsk Udmurts: in 1974, 1991,
and 2020. This study compared sound recordings of the first and last expeditions. It has been
revealed that the musical and song tradition of the Krasnoyarsk Udmurts still preserves a distinction between southern and northern Udmurt traditions. However, the data of the last expedition demonstrates the predominance of the Northern Udmurt tradition. A detailed analysis
of ritual and non-ritual songs has shown that settlers remain committed to their indigenous
tradition in regard to poetic and musical-stylistic features of genre groups. A characteristic
feature of the Siberian Udmurt song tradition is found to be the motif of longing for the former homeland, which is most clearly expressed in the poetic texts recorded during the first
expedition. In contrast to the indigenous tradition, the Siberian Udmurt song tradition has an
entirely different repertoire. The characteristic feature of the resettlement tradition is that it
comprises songs borrowed from neighboring ethnic groups, such as Russians, Ukrainians, and
Belarusians. To conclude, remoteness from the original tradition and neighborhood with other
ethnic groups contributed to the loss of Udmurt language and culture, although the Krasnoyarsk Udmurts still recognize themselves as Udmurts.
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